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The Locality and its Gods |
The Locality and its Gods(Intro) Chambers: Subterranean chamber - earth Queen's chamber - water King's chamber - air Sun's chamber - fire Starry sky's chamber - aether Speculations: For the King or for the Priests? Grand Gallery - fire on earth To Gallery or water's chamber? Interesting Ante-chamber Earlier pyramids |
Necessary informations Roughly 30 kilometres northeast of the great pyramids of Giza lay in ancient times the city of Annu (in The Bible it is called ON). Later, in the Ptolemaic period it was called Heliopolis - city of the Sun. This city had a famous temple and a well-known priesthood, which in 4th dynasty (when the Cheops pyramid was built) and long after were superior to all the many other gods and priesthoods of ancient Egypt. The worship cult centered around the Sun God was naturally supported by a strong King, he himself regarded as an upcoming sun god. In the 5th and 6th dynasties the Kings' pyramids were built smaller than in the 4th dynasty. Instead, they built both a pyramid for the deseased king to be buried in and a similar sized temple for worshipping the Sun. In 4th dynasty the pyramids served both purposes. It can be deducted from the inner layout of Cheops' pyramid. Normally 5th and 6th dynasties are told to be the strong period of the Sun cult. I wonder if not the Sun worship temples of those dynasties reflect a conflict between the two purposes of the pyramids, solved by splitting the efforts in two. "You will have Your temple, then I can have my tomb for myself!" |
To the ancient Egyptians the stories of how the gods of Annu were born told a history of order in the universe. I have tried to express this order in the drawing below, the way I see this order built into the Cheops pyramid. This is the key to understanding the internal architecture. |
Heliopolitan creation myth The five first born gods worshipped in Annu were elementary gods. Each of these five gods plays a role in the Heliopolitan creation myth. They were born one after another, in this order: |
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ATUM
NUT |
who created order in the so far chaotic "waters" and let the world come into being God of Air - the first-born of Goddess for mist and rain (water!) Goddess of the Starry Sky |
Nut was born last, we hear. It may be the mythological explanation for the historical development, which let her replace Atum in the universe, while he himself merged with the Sun god RA into Ra-Atum or just Ra (Re, if you prefer the newer spelling).
This development possibly happened before 4th dynasty - as far as I know we lack knowledge of
it.
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